2025年11月16日 星期日

week 12. Object-Oriented Programming



1.  Mandala Project reference:
http://sciencefictioninterfaces.tumblr.com/

2. object oriented programming:
  https://processing.org/tutorials/objects/
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcbcfkLzgvs

3. simple particle system

EXercise:
  draw 'array-like' object with OOP
Challenge:
  draw Mandala with OOP 
   (define your own object class for mandala object) 

reference:


mandala OOP example:

Mandala myMandala;
void setup() {
  size(600, 600);
  myMandala = new Mandala();
}

void draw() {
background(0);
 fill(0,0,0);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
myMandala.drawMandala();
myMandala.updateMandala();
}

class Mandala{
float radius;
int segment = 12;
float centerX;
float centerY;
int[] pattern;


Mandala(){
 stroke(255);
 centerX = height/2;
 centerY = width/2;
 pattern = new int[8];
 for (int i= 0; i< 8; i++)
   pattern[i]=(int) random(4);
}
void drawMandala()
{
  background(0);
   fill(0,0,0);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
  radius = 30.0;
  segment = 12;
  noFill();
  pushMatrix(); 
    translate(centerX, centerY);
     rotate(frameCount/40.0);
     translate(-centerX, -centerY);
  for (int i= 0; i< 8; i++){
   radius=radius+25.0;  
   segment=segment+ 6;
    
   
    spiral(centerX,centerY,radius,segment, pattern[i]);
    
  }
  popMatrix();
}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg, int pattern){
    for(int i =0;i<seg;i++){
    float theta = i*2*PI/seg;  
     float x = x_c+cos(theta)*r;  //算出x的位置
     float y = y_c+sin(theta)*r;  //算出y的位置
//      point(x,y);  // 畫出點,也能用其他形狀
    ellipse(x_c, y_c, 2*r, 2*r);
    if (pattern == 0) ellipse(x_c, y_c, 2*r+8, 2*r+8);
   if (pattern == 1) drawPattern1(x,y,theta);
   if (pattern == 2) drawPattern2(x,y,theta);  
   if (pattern == 3) drawPattern3(x,y,theta);     
   //pattern  
    
    }
}
void drawPattern1(float x, float y, float theta){
    pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
    point(5, 0);
    line(0,10, 20,0);
    line(0,-10, 20, 0);
     popMatrix();
}
void drawPattern2(float x, float y, float theta){
    pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
    ellipse(5, 0, 5, 5);
    arc(0, 0, 30, 20, PI*1.5, PI*2.5);
     arc(0, 0, 25, 15, PI*1.5, PI*2.5);
     popMatrix();
}
void drawPattern3(float x, float y, float theta){
    pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
     beginShape();
       curveVertex(0,  8);
       curveVertex(0,  8);
       curveVertex(16,  6);
       curveVertex(16,  -6);
       curveVertex(0, -8);
       curveVertex(0, -8);
      endShape();
    beginShape();
       curveVertex(0,  10);
       curveVertex(0,  10);
       curveVertex(20,  8);
       curveVertex(20,  -8);
       curveVertex(0, -10);
       curveVertex(0, -10);
      endShape();
//    bezier(0,-10, 15, -9, 0, 0, 18,0);
//    bezier(0,10, 15, 9,0, 0, 18,0);

     popMatrix();
}
void updateMandala()
{

}  
}

2025年11月9日 星期日

week 11. drawing mandala


 
float radius;
int segment = 12;
float centerX;
float centerY;

void setup(){
 size(600,600);
 background(0);
 stroke(255);
 centerX = height/2;
 centerY = width/2;
 noLoop();
}

void draw(){
  background(0);
  //radius = dist(centerX, centerY, mouseX, mouseY);
int pattern;
radius = 30.0;
noFill();
for (int i= 0; i< 8; i++){
radius=radius+25.0;
segment=segment+ 6;
pattern = (int) random(4);
    spiral(centerX,centerY,radius,segment, pattern);
}
  
}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg, int pattern){
    for(int i =0;i<seg;i++){
  float theta = i*2*PI/seg;
     float x = x_c+cos(theta)*r;  //算出x的位置
     float y = y_c+sin(theta)*r;  //算出y的位置
//      point(x,y);  // 畫出點,也能用其他形狀
    ellipse(x_c, y_c, 2*r, 2*r);
    if (pattern == 0) ellipse(x_c, y_c, 2*r+8, 2*r+8);
if (pattern == 1) drawPattern1(x,y,theta);
if (pattern == 2) drawPattern2(x,y,theta);
if (pattern == 3) drawPattern3(x,y,theta);
//pattern
    }
}
void drawPattern1(float x, float y, float theta){
pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
point(5, 0);
line(0,10, 20,0);
line(0,-10, 20, 0);
     popMatrix();
}
void drawPattern2(float x, float y, float theta){
pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
ellipse(5, 0, 5, 5);
arc(0, 0, 30, 20, PI*1.5, PI*2.5);
   arc(0, 0, 25, 15, PI*1.5, PI*2.5);
     popMatrix();
}
void drawPattern3(float x, float y, float theta){
pushMatrix();
      translate(x,y);
      rotate(theta);
   beginShape();
       curveVertex(0,  8);
       curveVertex(0,  8);
       curveVertex(16,  6);
       curveVertex(16,  -6);
       curveVertex(0, -8);
       curveVertex(0, -8);
      endShape();
beginShape();
       curveVertex(0,  10);
       curveVertex(0,  10);
       curveVertex(20,  8);
       curveVertex(20,  -8);
       curveVertex(0, -10);
       curveVertex(0, -10);
      endShape();
//    bezier(0,-10, 15, -9, 0, 0, 18,0);
//    bezier(0,10, 15, 9,0, 0, 18,0);

     popMatrix();
}

 
 

Basic sample 1:


float resolution;
float radius = 100;
float circleX;
float circleY;
float offset;

void setup() {
  size(700, 700);
  circleX = 0;
  circleY = 0;
}

void draw() {
  fill(0,0,0,25);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
  translate(width/2, height/2);
  fill(255);
  noStroke();
  offset++;

  resolution = map(sin(offset*0.005), -1, 1, 2, 20);
 // resolution = 20;



  for (int i = 0; i < resolution; i++) {
    float angle = map(i, 0, resolution, 0, TWO_PI);
//    float waveOffset = sin(angle*circles) * 200;
 

 
   float circleOffsetX = cos(angle) * (radius); //xposition
   float circleOffsetY = sin(angle) * (radius); //yposition
  //  float circleOffsetX = cos(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //xposition
  //  float circleOffsetY = sin(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //yposition
 

    float x = circleX + circleOffsetX;
    float y = circleY + circleOffsetY;
 
    ellipse(x, y, 10, 10);
 

  }
}

Sample 2:

float resolution;
float radius = 100;
float circleX;
float circleY;
float circles;
float circleW;
float circleH;
float offset;

void setup() {
  size(700, 700);
  circleX = 0;
  circleY = 0;
}

void draw() {
  fill(0,0,0,25);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
  translate(width/2, height/2);
  fill(255);
  noStroke();
  offset++;

  resolution = map(sin(offset*0.00025), -1, 1, 11, 13);
  //resolution = 50;
  circles = 400;

  circleW = map(sin(offset*0.05), -1, 1, 1, 8);
  circleH = map(sin(offset*0.05), -1, 1, 1, 8);

  for (int i = 0; i < resolution; i++) {

    float scale = 200;

    float waveAngle = map(i, 0, resolution, 0, TWO_PI * circles);
    float waveOffset = sin(waveAngle) * scale;  //scale the -1 to 1 up

    float angle = map(i, 0, resolution, 0, TWO_PI * 156); //multiply for weirdness

    float circleOffsetX = cos(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //xposition
    float circleOffsetY = sin(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //yposition

    float x = circleX + circleOffsetX;
    float y = circleY + circleOffsetY;
 
    ellipse(x, y, circleW, circleH);

  }

}

example 3:


float resolution;
float radius = 100;
float circleX;
float circleY;
float circles;
float offset;

void setup() {
  size(700, 700);
  circleX = 0;
  circleY = 0;
}

void draw() {
  fill(0,0,0,25);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
  translate(width/2, height/2);
  fill(255, 255, 0);
  noStroke();
  offset++;

  resolution = map(cos(offset*0.0002), -1, 1, 2, 200);
  circles = 100;


beginShape();
noFill();
  for (int i = 0; i < resolution; i++) {

    float scale = 400;

    float waveAngle = map(i, 0, resolution, 0, TWO_PI * circles);
    float waveOffset = sin(waveAngle) * scale;  //scale the -1 to 1 up

    float angle = map(i, 0, resolution, 0, TWO_PI * 156); //multiply for weirdness
 

    float circleOffsetX = cos(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //xposition
    float circleOffsetY = sin(angle) * (radius + waveOffset); //yposition

    float x = circleX + circleOffsetX;
    float y = circleY + circleOffsetY;
 
    stroke(255);
    //line(x, y, 0, 0);
    vertex(x,y);
 

  }
  endShape(CLOSE);

}

reference:
search "mandala" on
https://www.openprocessing.org/

also 

2025年11月2日 星期日

week 10. using recursion for Sacred Geometry

float radius;
int segment = 6;
float centerX;
float centerY;
int recursionLevel = 3;

void setup(){
 size(600,600);
 background(0);
 stroke(255);
 centerX = height/2;
 centerY = width/2;
}

void draw(){
  background(0);
  radius = dist(centerX, centerY, mouseX, mouseY);
  spiral(centerX,centerY,radius,segment, recursionLevel);
}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg,int level){
  level -= 1;
  noFill();
  ellipse(x_c,y_c,2*r,2*r);
    for(int i =0;i < seg; i++){
      float x = x_c+cos(i*2*PI/seg)*r; 
      float y = y_c+sin(i*2*PI/seg)*r;
      point(x,y); 
      ellipse(x,y,2*r,2*r);
    
      if(level > 0){
      spiral(x,y,r,seg, level);
      }
    }
}



example 2:

float radius; int segment = 6; float centerX; float centerY;
int recursionLevel = 3;

void setup(){
size(600,600);
background(0);
stroke(255);
centerX = height/2;
centerY = width/2;
}

void draw(){
background(0);
// radius = dist(centerX, centerY, mouseX, mouseY);
radius = 50;

pushMatrix();
translate(centerX-100, centerY);
rotate(frameCount / 50.0);
spiral(0,0,radius,segment, recursionLevel);
popMatrix();

}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg,int level){
level -= 1;
noFill();
ellipse(x_c,y_c,2*r,2*r);
for(int i =0;i < seg;i++)

float x = x_c+cos(i*2*PI/seg)*r;
float y = y_c+sin(i*2*PI/seg)*r;
point(x,y);
ellipse(x,y,2*r,2*r);

if(level>0){
spiral(x,y,r,seg, level);
}
}
}


example 3:
float radius;
int segment = 6;
float centerX;
float centerY;
int recursionLevel = 3;
void setup(){
size(600,600);
background(0);
stroke(255);
centerX = height/2;
centerY = width/2;
}
void draw(){
background(0);
// radius = dist(centerX, centerY, mouseX, mouseY);
radius = 50;
pushMatrix();
translate(centerX, centerY);
rotate(frameCount / 50.0);
spiral(0,0,radius,segment, recursionLevel);
popMatrix();
}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg,int level){
level -= 1;
noFill();
//ellipse(x_c,y_c,r*2,r*2);
for(int i =0;i < seg;i++)
{
float x = x_c+cos(i*2*PI/seg)*r;
float y = y_c+sin(i*2*PI/seg)*r;
//point(x,y);
float r1= 2*r*map(sin(frameCount/50.0+i*PI/6.0), -1.0, 1.0, 0.01, 4.0);
ellipse(x,y,r1,r1);
if(level>0){
spiral(x,y,r,seg, level);
}
}
}

References:

The Illusions of Reality & The Basics of Sacred Geometry (The Patterns of Consciousness) 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoqTNpok6zw


https://youtu.be/utMx48aGndI?si=Al7d7bfxDIZP_Ugb

project 2:

draw mandala or Sacred Geometry (tree of life)
4 compositions representing earth, water, fire, wind, (4 elements)
deadline  11/28, 2025

2025年10月26日 星期日

week 9. using sine

(時間往復變化) 
practice:
  用sine 控制一個物件之 
    (1) 大小  scale  (https://processing.org/examples/sine.html)
    (2) 位置  translation  (https://processing.org/examples/sinecosine.html)
    (3) 旋轉(自轉與他轉)  rotation



(線性位移與 sine 曲線位移)

float x, y;
float dim = 80.0;
float dX = 4.0;

void setup() {
  size(640, 360);
  noStroke();
}

void draw() {
  background(102);
  
  x = x + dX;
  
  if (x > width||x<0) {
    dX = -dX;
  } 

  pushMatrix();
  translate(x, height/2-dim/2);
  fill(255);
  rect(-dim/2, -dim/2, dim, dim);
  popMatrix();
  // Transforms accumulate. Notice how this rect moves 
  // twice as fast as the other, but it has the same 
  // parameter for the x-axis value
  pushMatrix();
  translate(sin(map(x,0, width,0, PI))*width, height/2+dim/2);
  fill(0);
  rect(-dim/2, -dim/2, dim, dim);
  popMatrix();
}

(scale 線性與 sine 比較)

float x, y;
float dim = 80.0;
float dX = 4.0;

void setup() {
  size(640, 360);
  noStroke();
  frameRate(20);
}

void draw() {
  background(102);
  
  x = x + dX;
  
  if (x > width||x<0) {
    dX = -dX;
  } 

  pushMatrix();
  translate(width/4, height/2);
  scale(map(x,0,width, 0.25, 4.0));
  fill(255);
  rect(-dim/2, -dim/2, dim, dim);
  popMatrix();
  // Transforms accumulate. Notice how this rect moves 
  // twice as fast as the other, but it has the same 
  // parameter for the x-axis value
  pushMatrix();
  translate(width*0.75, height/2);
  //scale(map(x,0,width, 0.25, 4.0));
 //scale(map(sin(frameCount/40.0), -1.0, 1.0, 0.25,4.0));
  scale(map(sin(map(x,0,width,0.0, PI)), 0, 1.0, 0.25, 4.0));
  fill(0);
  rect(-dim/2, -dim/2, dim, dim);
  popMatrix();
}
(空間切割) sample codes:

float radius;
int segment = 10;
float centerX;
float centerY;

void setup(){
 size(600,600);
 background(0);
 stroke(255);
 centerX = height/2;
 centerY = width/2;
}

void draw(){
  background(0);
  radius = dist(centerX, centerY, mouseX, mouseY);
  spiral(centerX,centerY,radius,segment);
}
void spiral(float x_c,float y_c, float r, int seg){
    for(int i =0;i<=seg;i++){
      float x = x_c+cos(i*2*PI/seg)*r;  //算出x的位置
      float y = y_c+sin(i*2*PI/seg)*r;  //算出y的位置
      point(x,y);  // 畫出點,也能用其他形狀
    }
}

( 空間切割範例)
https://processing.org/examples/star.html

using map
https://processing.org/examples/map.html


example :

void setup() {
size(800, 600);
noFill();
stroke(255, 255, 255);
}
void draw() {
float d;
background(0);
for (int i= 0; i<width; i+=50) {
pushMatrix();
translate(i, 0);
rotate(map(sin((i/40.0+frameCount)/30.0), -1.0, 1.0, -PI/4, PI/4));
line(0, 0, 0, 350);
translate(0, 350);
ellipse(0, 0, 50, 50);
popMatrix();
}
}


EX:
1. 每次點擊滑鼠,劃一個隨機半徑大小的圓。
2. draw flower of life (生命之花)

reference:

https://processing.org/examples/sine.html

https://processing.org/examples/sinecosine.html

John Whitney
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzniaKxMr2g


Processing Tutorial Sin & Cos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehT7d9JPulQ

2025年10月10日 星期五

week 7. 3D primitives and array

Project 1 demo

size(640, 360, P3D); 
background(0);
lights();

noStroke();
pushMatrix();
translate(130, height/2, 0);
rotateY(1.25);
rotateX(-0.4);
box(100);
popMatrix();

noFill();
stroke(255);
pushMatrix();
translate(500, height*0.35, -200);
sphere(280);
popMatrix();

example2:

int gridSize = 50;
void setup(){
  size(640,360,P3D);
  
  fill(204, 204, 10);
}  
  
  
void draw() {  
  background(0);
  lights();
for (int i = 0+gridSize/2; i< width; i += gridSize)
  for (int j = 0+gridSize/2; j< height; j+= gridSize)
  {
    pushMatrix();
    translate(i, j, 0);
 //   rotateY(frameCount/5);
    rotateX(frameCount/7);
    noStroke();
    box(20);
    popMatrix();
  }
}

Example3, cube rotation + 2D array 
float[][] rotateRates;


int gridSize = 50;
void setup(){
  size(640,360,P3D);
  rotateRates = new float[width][height];
  
  for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
    
      rotateRates[x][y] = random(2.0, 40.0);
    }
  }
  fill(204, 204, 10);
}  
  
  
void draw() {  
  background(0);
  lights();
for (int i = 0+gridSize/2; i< width; i += gridSize)
  for (int j = 0+gridSize/2; j< height; j+= gridSize)
  {
    pushMatrix();
    translate(i, j, 0);
 //   rotateY(frameCount/5);
 //   rotateX(frameCount/7);
    rotateX(frameCount/rotateRates[i][j]);
    noStroke();
    box(20);
    popMatrix();
  }
}

Examples 4:

float[][] rotateRates;


int gridSize = 50;
void setup(){
  size(640,360,P3D);
  rotateRates = new float[width][height];
  
  for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
    
      rotateRates[x][y] = random(5.0, 40.0);
    }
  }
  fill(204, 204, 10);
}  
  
  
void draw() {  
  background(0);
  lights();
for (int i = 0+gridSize/2; i< width; i += gridSize)
  for (int j = 0+gridSize/2; j< height; j+= gridSize)
  {
    pushMatrix();
    translate(i, j, sin(frameCount/20.0)*20.0);
 //   rotateY(frameCount/5);
 //   rotateX(frameCount/7);
    rotateX(frameCount/rotateRates[i][j]);
    noStroke();
    box(20);
    popMatrix();
  }
}
example 5: using sin
float[][] rotateRates;


int gridSize = 50;
void setup(){
  size(640,360,P3D);
  rotateRates = new float[width][height];
  
  for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
    
      rotateRates[x][y] = random(5.0, 40.0);
    }
  }
  fill(204, 204, 10);
}  
  
  
void draw() {  
  background(0);
  lights();
for (int i = 0+gridSize/2; i< width; i += gridSize)
  for (int j = 0+gridSize/2; j< height; j+= gridSize)
  {
    pushMatrix();
    translate(i, j, sin((frameCount/10.0)%width+i)*50.0);
 //   rotateY(frameCount/5);
 //   rotateX(frameCount/7);
    rotateX(frameCount/rotateRates[i][j]);
    noStroke();
    box(20);
    popMatrix();
  }
}

References:
https://processing.org/tutorials/p3d/

2025年9月28日 星期日

week 5. 2D array & transform


review:
  draw a rotating shape in the center of screen.

  also use 'scale()' to change the size of the object.

using pushMatrix() and popMatrix()
using cos();


參考:
https://processing.org/examples/array2d.html

用 2D array 設定每個元素的顏色,旋轉速度,屬性。

float[][] distances;
float[][] rotateAngles;
float[][] rotateRates;
float maxDistance;
int spacer;

void setup() {
  size(640, 360);
  maxDistance = dist(width/2, height/2, width, height);
  distances = new float[width][height];
  rotateAngles = new float[width][height];
  rotateRates = new float[width][height];
  for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
      float distance = dist(width/2, height/2, x, y);
      distances[x][y] = distance/maxDistance * 255;
      rotateAngles[x][y] = random(5.0);
      rotateRates[x][y] = random(5.0, 40.0);
    }
  }
  spacer = 30;
  strokeWeight(3);
  //noLoop();  // Run once and stop
}

void draw() {
  background(0);
  // This embedded loop skips over values in the arrays based on
  // the spacer variable, so there are more values in the array
  // than are drawn here. Change the value of the spacer variable
  // to change the density of the points
  for (int y = 0; y < height; y += spacer) {
    for (int x = 0; x < width; x += spacer) {
      pushMatrix();
      translate(x, y);
      rotate(frameCount/rotateRates[x][y]+rotateAngles[x][y]);
      rect(-spacer/2, -spacer/2, spacer, spacer);
      stroke(distances[x][y]);
      popMatrix();
    }
  }
}

transform example:

void setup(){
size(800, 600);
noFill();
stroke(255);
}
void draw() {
background(30);
pushMatrix();
translate(600, 400);
scale(cos(frameCount/60.0)*5.0);
rotate(frameCount/30.0);
rect(-32, -32, 64, 64);
popMatrix();
}


Practice:
Create an array of 3D shapes. 

https://processing.org/tutorials/p3d/


Project 1:
1. 選定一位(或多位)美學運算的藝術家
2. 與AI 對話分析作品美學特質
3. 用 processing 編碼產生方陣重複美學的作品 (自行加入變化),至少5件 
4. 截圖以上成果,製作成 pptx
5. pptx 與 原始碼,上傳到 google drive
6. 繳交日現場 demo
上傳到google drive (網址在 FB 公布)


Deadline: 10/17, 2025

2025年9月20日 星期六

week 4. structural programming & basic form

Global variables v.s. local variables
subroutine calls


https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O154610/p-197-print-mohr-manfred/


Manfred Mohr on Openprocessing
Manfred Mohr on DADA





The Recode Project (目前掛站)





Georg Nees  on Openprocessing
the
T



  • Control





  • Iteration
  • Embedded Iteration
  • Conditionals 1
  • Conditionals 2
  • Logical Operators





  • Cybernetic Serendipity (1968): A Walkthrough With Jasia Reichardt

    (模控巧遇)

    EX:
      use subroutine call to perform 10 x 10 element-drawing.


    1. form: point, line, polygon, arc, eclipse, rect,...
    2. noLoop();  / redraw();

    void setup(){
      size(640, 360);
      background(0);
    }

    int gridSize = 40;

    void draw() {
    background(0); 
    stroke(200);
    noFill();
    for (int x = gridSize; x <= width - gridSize; x += gridSize) {
      for (int y = gridSize; y <= height - gridSize; y += gridSize) {
      
       rotateShape(x, y);
      
      }
    }

    }

    void rotateShape(int xloc, int yloc) {
      pushMatrix();
      translate(xloc, yloc);
     // rotate((frameCount / 8.0)+xloc+yloc+mouseX);
     rotate((mouseX/100)*frameCount / 8.0+xloc+yloc);
     rect(-10, -10, 20, 20);
     line(-10, -10, 10, 10);
      popMatrix();


    }


    References:
    https://processing.org/examples/star.html



    example #2:

    void setup(){
      size(640, 360);
      background(0);
    }

    int gridSize = 40;

    void draw() {
    background(0); 
    stroke(200);
    noFill();
    for (int x = gridSize; x <= width - gridSize; x += gridSize) {
      for (int y = gridSize; y <= height - gridSize; y += gridSize) {
       
       rotateShape(x, y);
       
      }
    }

    }

    void rotateShape(int xloc, int yloc) {
      pushMatrix();
      translate(xloc, yloc);
     rotate((frameCount / 8.0)+xloc+yloc);
     //rotate((mouseX/100)*frameCount / 8.0+xloc+yloc);
     beginShape();
    vertex(-10, -10);
    vertex(0, -10);
    vertex(0, 0);
    vertex(10, 0);
    vertex(10, 10);
    vertex(-10, 10);
    endShape(CLOSE);
     //rect(-10, -10, 20, 20);
    // line(-10, -10, 10, 10);
      popMatrix();


    }

    example #3:

    int gridSize = 100;
    void setup() {
    size(1000, 1000);
    stroke(255);
    background(0);
    frameRate(10);
    }
    void draw() {
    background(0);
    for (int i = 0; i <= width; i+= gridSize) {
    for (int j = 0; j <= height; j+= gridSize) {
    rect(i+gridSize/2 + random (40), j+gridSize/2, gridSize/4, gridSize/4);
    }
    }
    }

    example #4:

    int gridSize = 100;
    void setup() {
    size(1000, 1000);
    stroke(255);
    background(0);
    frameRate(5);
    noFill();
    }
    void draw() {
    background(0);
    for (int i = 0; i <= width; i+= gridSize) {
    for (int j = 0; j <= height; j+= gridSize) {
    drawGrid(i, j);
    }
    }
    }
    void drawGrid(int x, int y){
    int cellSize;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    cellSize = (int) random(20, 60);
    rect(x+gridSize/2-cellSize/2, y+gridSize/2-cellSize/2, cellSize , cellSize, 6);
    }
    }